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Till & McCulloch are Doctors James Till and Ernest McCulloch who, while studying the effect of radiation on the bone marrow of mice at the Ontario Cancer Institute, in Toronto, demonstrated the existence of multipotent stem cells in 1961. == Collaborative, Pioneering Work == Now recognized as the ''Fathers of Stem Cell Science'', Till & McCulloch exemplified the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in scientific research and have received many awards for their collaborative and ground-breaking research. (See Honours and Recognition below.) They first published their findings of the discovery of stem cells in the journal ''Radiation Research''.〔McCulloch, E.A.; Till, J.E. (1960). "The radiation sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow cells, determined by quantitative marrow transplantation into irradiated mice". Radiation Research 13 (1): 115–125. . JSTOR 3570877. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/2782.〕〔Till, J.E.; McCulloch, E.A. (1961). "A direct measurement of the radiation sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow cells". Radiation Research 14 (2): 213–22. . JSTOR 3570892.. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/2781.〕 In later work, joined by graduate student Andy Becker, they cemented their stem cell theory and published the results in the journal ''Nature'' in 1963.〔Becker, A.J.; McCulloch, E.A.; Till, J.E. (1963). "Cytological demonstration of the clonal nature of spleen colonies derived from transplanted mouse marrow cells". ''Nature'' 197 (4866): 452–4. . PMID 13970094. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/2779.〕 After their pioneering discovery, Till & McCulloch continued to help this new field develop; not only by continuing to expand their research activities, but also by mentoring other young scientists. Together, Till & McCulloch spawned successive generations of scientists who continue to deepen the understanding of how the different types of stem cells work and their application to different diseases and medical conditions—many have also become globally recognized leaders in their field. Scientists that were under the direct supervision of Till or McCulloch, were members of their research group, or were co-authors of papers, include the following: * Andy Becker * Louis Siminovitch * Norman Iscove * Ron Worton * Tak Mak * Alan Bernstein * Connie Eaves * Victor Ling * Bob Phillips * Hans Messner * Mark Minden Both Till & McCulloch continued to make significant contributions to their field, and to the broader discipline of science. Dr. Till's focus shifted increasingly towards the evaluation of cancer therapies and quality of life issues in the 1980s. He has held a wide range of positions in organizations ranging from the (Stem Cell Network ) to Project Open Source to the Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation, and many others. Among them, Dr. Till is: * University Professor Emeritus at the (University of Toronto ) * Editorial member of the open access journal ''Journal of Medical Internet Research'' * Founding Board member of the (Canadian Stem Cell Foundation ) Dr. McCulloch continued to expand the depth of work in his field with a heavy emphasis on cellular and molecular mechanisms affecting the growth of malignant blast stem cells from the blood of patients with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia. Unfortunately, Dr. McCulloch died on January 20, 2011, shortly before the 50th anniversary of the publication of the 1961 paper in ''Radiation Research''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Till & McCulloch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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